Mount Sinai, also known as Mount Horeb, Mount Musa, Gabal Musa, Jabal Musa by the Bedouin, is the name of a mountain near Saint Catherine in the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt.

Mount Sinai, also known as Mount Horeb, Mount Musa, Gabal Musa, Jabal Musa by the Bedouin, is the name of a mountain near Saint Catherine in the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt. According to Jewish, Christian and Islamic tradition, the biblical Mount Sinai was the place where Moses received the Ten Commandments. Not all parties agree that the particular mountain known today as Mount Sinai is the biblical one.

Mount Sinai's rocks were formed in the late stage of the Arabian-Nubian Shield's evolution. Mount Sinai displays a ring complex that consists of alkaline granites intruded into diverse rock types, including volcanics. The granites range in composition from syenogranite to alkali feldspar granite. The volcanic rocks are alkaline to peralkaline and they are represented by subaerial flows and eruptions and subvolcanic porphyry. Generally, the nature of the exposed rocks in Mount Sinai indicates that they originated from different depths.

There are two principal routes to the summit. The longer and shallower route, Siket El Bashait, takes about 2.5 hours on foot, though camels can be used. The steeper, more direct route (Siket Sayidna Musa) is up the 3,750 "steps of penitence" in the ravine behind the monastery.[6]